While pair-bonds of varying forms were recognized by most societies as acceptable social arrangements, marriage was reserved for heterosexual pairings and had a transactional nature, where wives were in many cases a form of property being exchanged between father and husband, and who would have to serve the function of reproduction.
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Accordingly, there was little need for a temporary trial period such as dating before a permanent community-recognized union was formed between a man and a woman. Historically, marriages in most societies were arranged by parents and older relatives with the goal not being love but legacy and "economic stability and political alliances", according to anthropologists. Thus, the concept of marriage is changing widely in many countries. In modern times, emphasis on the institution of marriage, traditionally described as a male-female bond, has obscured pair bonds formed by same-sex and transgender couples, and that many heterosexual couples also bond for life without offspring, or that often pairs that do have offspring separate. However, one particularity of the human species is that pair bonds are often formed without necessarily having the intention of reproduction.
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These species-particular behavior patterns provide a context for aspects of human reproduction, including dating. According to Sapolsky, humans are somewhat in the middle of this spectrum, in the sense that humans form pair bonds, but there is the possibility of cheating or changing partners. Neurobiologist Robert Sapolsky constructed a reproductive spectrum with opposite poles being tournament species, in which males compete fiercely for reproductive privileges with females, and pair bond arrangements, in which a male and female will bond for life. Humans have been compared to other species in terms of sexual behavior. As humans societies have evolved from hunter-gatherers into civilized societies, there have been substantial changes in relations between people, with perhaps one of a few remaining biological constants being that both adult women and men must have sexual intercourse for human procreation to happen. From the standpoint of anthropology and sociology, dating is linked with other institutions such as marriage and the family which have also been changing rapidly and which have been subject to many forces, including advances in technology and medicine. 2.1 Wide variation in behavior patternsĭating as an institution is a relatively recent phenomenon which has mainly emerged in the last few centuries.Which has become a source of controversy. Some cultures require or encourage people to wait until reaching a certain age before beginning dating, This period of courtship is sometimes seen as a precursor to engagement. These people may have dates on a regular basis, and they may or may not be having sexual relations. With the use of modern technology, people can date via telephone or computer or arrange to meet in person.ĭating may also involve two or more people who have already decided that they share romantic or sexual feelings toward each other. While the term has several meanings, the most frequent usage refers to two people exploring whether they are romantically or sexually compatible by participating in dates with the other. The protocols and practices of dating, and the terms used to describe it, vary considerably from society to society and over time.
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It represents a form of courtship, consisting of social activities carried out by the couple, either alone or with others. Dating is a stage of romantic relationships whereby two people meet socially with the aim of each assessing the other's suitability as a prospective partner in a future intimate relationship.